Description of the Monument

by Martina Oeter and Christian Luczanits

2008

Home

Association

Activities

Kanji

Wanla

> Monument Description
> Description of Interior

Guru Lakhang

Other Monuments

Gallery

Member area
Contact

The Wanla Temple is a three-storeyed structure with three niches for large sculptures of standing Bodhisattvas. The temple is oriented towards the northeast, its main axis transverse to the direction of the mountain ridge on which it is placed. It is entered via a veranda, the original construction and ornamentation of which is still preserved. The cubical space of the ground floor is accentuated by the three niches. The second storey is an open gallery entered via a door from the roof of the veranda. The third storey is a lightweight construction lantern simply placed on the ceiling of the temple’s second storey.

Ground Floor

Passing through the veranda one enters an almost cubical space extended by three niches, a dominating taller one facing the entrance and two smaller ones at the sides. The square plan of the ground floor measures 5.5 m and has four massive columns forming a smaller square of 2.15 m in its center and corresponding to the width of the niches. These columns are vertically continued on gallery and lantern levels and carry the major beams. Within this central square one can, thus, look straight up into the lantern.

The columns are fluted and have a finely carved base and double capitals, the latter perfectly preserved. On the corners of the side niches, the two main beams are supported by consoles carved into the shape of a lion.

The niches are more shallow than wide and each houses a massive standing clay sculpture. The main niche projects into gallery level while the height of the side niches corresponds to that of the ground floor.

Gallery

The upper floor is actually a gallery which is only interrupted at the back wall of the main niche. Structurally, it is divided onto two sections demarcated by the back beam that transverses the room at roof level of the back niche. This massive beam carries a wall bridging the difference in the roof levels of the two parts of this floor. This storey is, thus, divided onto two parts, the back part with a very shallow gallery and a low ceiling, and a front room with its wider gallery, higher ceiling facing the painted wall on the beam dividing this storey.

The difference in the ceiling levels is reflected in the height of the columns that continue those of the ground floor, with the two back columns 80 cm shorter than the front ones. There are simple consoles only on this floor. The apse and the area immediately in front of it are decorated with coffered ceilings. The remaining supports on this level are later additions.

Lantern

The small lantern in principle continues the central square formed by the columns of the two floors below. Interestingly, the lantern is a light-weight structure simply mounted upon the wooden structure below it, thus giving the impression of having been attached at a later stage. In fact, a cross beam of the gallery level ceiling divides the opening of the lantern in halves, creating the impression that the lantern has been an afterthought added onto an already finished structure. Nevertheless, the paintings in the lantern conform to those of the lower floors.

The lantern itself is a cubical structure, it’s roof combining a flat top with a gabled roof in its centre.